The Role of Algorithms The History of Computing An Outline of Our Study The Overarching Themes of Computer Science Data Storage Bits and Their Storage Main Memory Mass Storage Representing Information as Bit Patterns The Binary System Storing Integers Storing Fractions Data and Programming Data Compression Communication Errors Data Manipulation Computer Architecture Machine Language Program Execution Aritttmetic /Log1c Instructions Communicating with Other Devices Programming Data Manipulation Other Architectures 0perating Systems The History of Operating Systems Operating System Architecture operating the Machine's Activities Handling Competition Among Processes Security Networking and the lnternet Network Fundamentals The Internet The World Wide lMeb Internet Protocols Security Algorithms The Concept of an Algorithm Algoritm Representation Algorithm Discovery Iterative Structures Recursive stuctures Efficiency and Correctness Programming Languages Historical Perspective Traditional Programming Concepts Procedural Units Language Implementation Object-Oriented Programming Programming Concurrent Activities Declarative Programming Software Engineering Software Engineering Discipline The Software Life Cicle Software Engineering Methodologies Modularity Tools ofther Trade Quality Assurance Documentation The Human-Machine Interface 361 Software Ownership and Liability Data Abstractions Basic Data Structures 374 ' 8.2 Releted Concepts Implementing Data Structures A Short Case Study Customized Data Types Classes and Objects Pointers in Machine Language Database Systems Database Fundamentals Relational Model Object-Oriented Databases Maintaining Database Integrity Traditional File Structures Data Mining Social lmpact of Database Technology Computer Graphics The Scope of Computer Graphics Overview of 3D Graphics Modeling Rendering Dealing with Global Lighting Animation Artificial lntelligence Inteligence and Machines Perception Reasoning Additional Areas of Research Artificial Neural Networks Robotics Considering the Consequences Theory of Computation Functions and Their Computation Turing Machines Universal Programming Languages A Noncomputable Function Complex of Problems Public-Key Cryptography Circuits to Manipulate TWo's Complement Representations A Simple Machine Language High-Level Programming Languages The Equivalence of Iterative and Recursive Structures