NERGY FUNDAMENTALS Conventional Energy Resources Fossil Fuels Nuclear Fuels Hydropower Resources Power Plant Environmental Aspects of Power Generation Methods of Air Pollution Control Energy Conservation THERMAL POWER PLANT Review of Power Cycles Rankine Cycle Brayton or Joule Cycle Thermodynamics of Coupled Cycles in Series Binary Vapour Power Cycle Combined Cycle Power Plant Working of Steam Power Plant/Generation of Electricity from Coal in a Modern Steam Power Plant Steam Generation from Coal (Fuel) Conversion of Enthalpy of Steam into Mechanical Energy Conversion of Mechanical Energy into Electrical Energy Power Station Design Site Selection of Coal Fired Power Plant Boiler Economiser Superheater, Reheater, Desuperheater Steam Turbine Classification of Turbines Water Treatment External Treatment Internal Treatment Condensing Plant and Circulating Water System Steam Condenser Circulating Water System Fuel Handling Coal Handling Fuel Oil Handling Fuel Gas Handling Fuel Firing Methods of Coal Firing Ash Handling Dust Collection Mechanical Dust Collectors Fabric Filters and Bag Houses Electrostatic Precipitators NUCLEAR POWER PLANT Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Power Plant Site Selection of Nuclear Power Plant Nuclear Physics Energy Mass Relationship Radioactive Decay Mass Defect and Binding Energy Nuclear Reaction, Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fission Chain Reaction Classification of Nuclear Reactors On the Basis of Neutron Energy Fertile Material Core Composition Type of Fuel Coolant Moderator Method of Cooling State of Fuel Main Parts of a Heterogeneous Nuclear Reactor Core Moderator Control Rods Reflector Coolant Radiation Shielding Reactor Vessel Basic Reactor Systems Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) or CANDU Reactor Gas Cooled Reactor Sodium Cooled Reactor Light Water Graphite Moderated Reactor Homogeneous Reactor Fuel Cycle Fuel Preparation Fuel Fabrication, Reprocessing, Spent Fuel Storage and Transportation and Nuclear Waste Importance of Nuclear Power Development in Indian Context Thermal Power Hydropower Importance of Nuclear Power /// Review of the Nuclear Power Programme HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydroelectric Power Plant Site Selection of Hydroelectric Power Plant Hydrology Runoff and Measurement of Runoff Hydrograph and Flow Duration Curve Storage Capacity and Mass Curve Storage and Pondage Essential Features of a Hydroelectric Power Plant Catchment Area Reservoir Dam and Intake House Inlet Waterway Powerhouse Tail Race or Outlet Waterway Classification of Hydroelectric Power Plants According to the Water Flow Regulation Availability of Head Power Plant Capacity the Nature of Load Hydraulic Turbines Classification of Hydraulic Turbines Selection of Turbines DIESEL ENGINE POWER PLANT Applications of Diesel Engine Power Plant Review of Internal Combustion Engines Classification of IC Engines Four Stroke SI Engine Two Stroke SI Engine Compression Ignition or Diesel Engine Combustion in CI Engine CI Engine Combustion Chambers Components of a Diesel Engine Power Plant Diesel Engine Air Intake System Exhaust System Fuel System Cooling System Lubricating System Engine Starting System Layout of Diesel Engine Power Plant Diesel Engine Power Plant Operation Intake Pressurization-Supercharging and Turbocharging Supercharging Turbocharging Emissions Control GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT Gas Turbine Power Plant Comparison between Open and Closed Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plants Open Closed Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Advantages of Closed Cycle over Open Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plants Disadvantages of Closed Cycle over Open Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plants Advantages and Disadvantages of Gas Turbine Power Plant Comparison between Gas Turbine and SI and CI Engines Advantages of Gas Turbine over SI and CI Engines Disadvantages of Gas Turbine over SI and CI Engines Thermodynamic Analysis of Gas Turbine Power Plant Brayton Cycle Effect of Pressure Ratio on Performance of Brayton Cycle Refinements/Modifications in Simple Brayton Cycle Components of Gas Turbine Power Plant Compressor Combustion Chamber Gas Turbine Heat Exchangers Combined Cycle Power Plants Gas Turbine-Steam Turbine Combined Power Plant POWER STATION ECONOMICS Cost Analysis Fixed Cost Operating Cost Terms and Definitions Related to Electrical Load Estimation and Prediction of Load Plant Design, Operation and Economics Combined Working of Power Plants (Interconnected System) Load Sharing between Base Load and Peak Load Power Plants Economic Scheduling Principle or Load Division Tariffs or Energy Rates Types of Tariffs NON-CONVENTIONAL POWER GENERATION Solar Energy Solar Thermal Conversion Solar Thermal Power Generation Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Systems Open Cycle Closed Cycle Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Conversion Single Crystal Silicon Solar Cell Wind Energy Windmill Geothermal Energy Hydrothermal Systems Geopressurized Systems Hot Dry Rock (HDR) Systems Magmatic Systems Tidal Energy Operation of Tidal Power Plant Energy from Biomass Direct Combustion Thermochemical Conversion Biological Conversion MHD Power Generation Open Cycle MHD Power System Closed Cycle MHD Power System Fuel Cell Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel Cell Thermoelectric Power Generation Thermionic Power Generation Wave Energy Wave Energy Conversion Devices

Classification of Machine Drawing 2 Assembly Drawing 2 Part Drawing 2 Shop Drawing 2 Catalogue Drawings 4 Drawing for Instruction Manuals Schematic Representation 5 Patent Drawing 5 Layout of a Drawing Sheet 6 Drawing Sheet Sizes 6 Folding of Drawing Sheet 7 Scales 9 Lines ]0 Lettering II 1 Size and Position of Lettering 14 Conventional Representation I4 Machine components 14 Materials 14 Dimensioning 14 Types of Dimensioning 14 Dimensioning Terms and Notation Placing of Dimension I8 Multiple Choice Questions Review Questions 25 Theory of projections Kinds of Projection 27 2.3 orthographic Projections 29 2.4 Methods of Projection 29 2.5 Auxiliary Views 29 2.6 Missing Line Views 42 Procedure for Drawing Missing Lines 42 Shading of Section Views 54 Sectioning of Adjacent Parts 54 . Fits and tolerances Terminology 66 Standard Tolerances 68 Fits , 68 .Types of Fits 68 Selection of Fits 70 Hole Basis and Shaft Basis for Fits 71 4.7 Interchangeability 7] Dimensioning of Tolerances Rules 72 4.9 Limit Gauges 72 Machining Symbols 73 Indication of Surface Roughness 74 Methods of Placing Machining Symbols on Orthographic Views 76 Assembly drawings Classification of Working Drawings 84 Making Assembly Drawing from Details 84 Making Detail Drawings from Assembly 85 Freehand sketching Drawing Freehand Lines 89 .Drawing Centre Lines 90 Drawing Diagonals 90 Sketching Circles 90 Sketching Arcs 92 Sketching Ellipse 92 Types of Freehand Sketches 92 Orthographic Sketches 92 Isometric Sketches 93 Rules for Freehand Sketching 93 Temporary fasteners Screw Threads 96 Forms of Screw Threads 98 Forms of V-threads 98 Convention for Threads 103 Bolts and Nuts II0 Bolts II0 types of Bolts ]]0 Nuts Type of Nuts ]]7 Locking Arrangements for Nuts 123 Studs I25 Screws 126 Washers ' 127 Pins 128 Foundation Bolt 128 Circlips I3I Types of Keys 131 Splines 134 Cotter and Cotter Joints ]34 Sleeve and Cotter Joint 136 Gib and Cotter Joint 136 Spigot and Socket Joint 139 Knuckle or Pin Joint 140 Permanent fasteners bearings rivets I4B Caulking and Fullering I4B Types of Rivets 149 Types of Rivet Heads ]50 Types of Riveted Joints ]50 Terminology 155 Empirical Relations 155 Rivet Symbols 155 Welded Joints 156 Types of Welded Joints and S1mbols 157 Edge Preparation 160 Relation between the Arrow Line and the Weld Joint Position of the Arrow Line 161 Position of the Reference Line 162 Position of the Symbol with Regard to Reference Line Dimensioning of Welds 162 Size of Weld 164 Types of Bearings 167 Sliding Bearings 167 Antifriction Bearings 171 Hydrostatic Bearing 172 Prevention of Rotation of Brasses 172 Plummer Block or Pedestral Bearing 173 Angular Plummer Block 174 Swivel Bearing 175 Hangers and Brackets for Bearings 182 Couplings and clutches Types of Couplings 194 Rigid or Fast Couplings 195 Flexble Coupling Loose or Disengaging Coupling 199 Couplings for Shafts Out of Alignment 201 Clutches 205 Types of Clutches 205 Shafts and pulleys 212-222 Types of Pulleys 212 Cast Iron Pulley 212 Fast and Loose Pulleys 2]2 Stepped Pulley or Speed Cone 214 Split Pulley 214 Built-up Pull 215 Belt Pulley 2]5 Rope Pulley 215 Shafts 217 Materials for Shafting 2]7 Pipes and pipe jotnts Types of Pipe Joints 223 Joints for Steam Pipes 223 Joints for Hydraulic Pipes 225 Pipe Fittings 228 Gears Classification of Gears 237 Gear Terminology 239 Gear Calculations 241 Construction of Involute Profile 24] Approximate Involute Method 242 Drawing of Tooth Profiles 243 Cycloidal Teeth Generation 244 Construction of Spur Gears 245 Helical Gear 247 Bevel Gears 249 Worm and Worm Wheel, 2SI Conventional Represention of Gears 254 Steam engine and i.c. engine parts Steam Engine Components 258 Internal Combustion Engine Components 269 Boiler mountings and accessories Boiler Mountings 2B2 Safety Valve 282 Blow-off Cock 254 Steam Stop Valve 284 Feed Check Valve 286 Water Level Indicator 287 Pressure Gauge 287 Manhole 287 Fusible Plug 287 Boiler Accessories 287 Valves 288 Lift and Maximum Lift of the Valve 289 Machine tool parts Classification of Machine Tools 314 Basic Elements of Machine Tools 3 I 4 Lathe Machine 315 Screw-Jack 3I6 Bench Vice 317 DrllPress Vice 3]9 Crane Hook 319 Computer aided drafting Advantages of CAD Potential Applications of CADD The CAD System Central Processing Unit 352 Software 352 Storage 352 Processing Units 352 lnput Equipment 353 input Equipment 356 Computer Drafting Using AutoCAD 357 Coordinate Systems inAutoCAD 357 AutoCAD Commands